PRESENT PERFECT VS. CONTINUOUS

Present Perfect:

1. Bentuk:

  • Positive: Subject + have/has + past participle (V3) + object.
    • Contoh: She has visited Paris.
  • Negative: Subject + have/has + not + past participle + object.
    • Contoh: They have not seen that movie.
  • Question: Have/Has + subject + past participle + object?
    • Contoh: Have you traveled abroad?

2. Penggunaan:

  • Menunjukkan tindakan atau pengalaman yang dimulai di masa lalu dan berlanjut hingga sekarang.
  • Menekankan hasil atau dampak yang masih relevan pada saat berbicara.
  • Biasanya digunakan dengan time expressions seperti “since,” “for,” “just,” atau “already.”

Contoh Penggunaan Present Perfect:

  • She has lived in this city for five years.
  • I have never been to Asia.
  • Have you finished your homework?

Present Perfect Continuous:

1. Bentuk:

  • Positive: Subject + have/has + been + present participle (V-ing) + object.
    • Contoh: He has been working on the project.
  • Negative: Subject + have/has + not + been + present participle + object.
    • Contoh: We have not been studying all night.
  • Question: Have/Has + subject + been + present participle + object?
    • Contoh: Have they been waiting for a long time?

2. Penggunaan:

  • Menunjukkan tindakan yang dimulai di masa lalu dan berlanjut hingga sekarang atau baru-baru ini berakhir.
  • Menekankan durasi atau keberlanjutan suatu tindakan.
  • Digunakan untuk mengekspresikan tindakan yang mungkin masih berlangsung atau memberikan perhatian kepada durasinya.

Contoh Penggunaan Present Perfect Continuous:

  • She has been learning Spanish for two years.
  • We have been waiting for the bus since 9 AM.
  • How long have you been working here?

Perbedaan Utama:

  • Present Perfect: Menekankan hasil atau dampak dari tindakan yang dimulai di masa lalu dan masih berlanjut hingga sekarang.
  • Present Perfect Continuous: Menekankan durasi atau keberlanjutan suatu tindakan yang dimulai di masa lalu dan masih berlangsung atau baru-baru ini berakhir.

Contoh Perbedaan:

  • She has painted the room. (Present Perfect – fokus pada hasil)
  • She has been painting the room. (Present Perfect Continuous – fokus pada durasi atau keberlanjutan)
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